International Law
Overview
What is international law?
International law, commonly referred to as "public international law," regulates relations and activities between nations. It also contains rules regarding the operations of international organizations, such as the United Nations. In addition, it governs state treatment of individuals and juridical persons (i.e., non-natural persons, such as a corporation, association or partnership).
International law is distinct from "private international law" (also known as "conflict of laws"), which regulates dealings between individuals and juridical persons from different nations.
Note that international law refers to nations as sovereign states. In this context, sovereign states does not mean states within a nation. Furthermore, in the United States, individual states lack authority to engage in international dealings. The U.S. Constitution explicitly denies states this power, and vests it with the federal government. (U.S. Const. Art. I, § 10).
International law encompasses several areas, such as international trade, the creation and dissolution of states, use of force (regarding when a state may initiate force against another state), armed conflict ("humanitarian law", which regulates how a state conducts an armed conflict), human rights (which are set forth in several international instruments, such as the Declaration of Human Rights), refugees, crimes, environment, labor, the sea, air space, and postal services.
Featured Cases
The (Lack of) Women Arbitrators in Investment Treaty Arbitration
FDI Perspectives, February 2012 Gus Van Harten York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 16, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Contador, Cows and Strict Liability Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 12/11 Saul Fridman University of Sydney - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 15, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Do Athletes Really Have the Right to a Fair Trial in 'Non-Analytical Positive' Doping Cases? American Review of International Arbitration, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 189-240, 2011 Jérôme de Montmollin and Dmitry A. Pentsov Froriep Renggli and Froriep Renggli Date Posted: February 15, 2012 Last Revised: February 16, 2012Exploring a More Holistic Approach to the Realization of Socio-Economic Rights in Third World States
Opeoluwa Badaru Critical Research Laboratory in Law and Society, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University Date Posted: February 10, 2012 Working Paper Series Virtual Battlegrounds: Direct Participation in Cyber Warfare Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 12/10 Emily Crawford University of Sydney - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 45 downloads Cross-Border Intellectual Property Rights: Contract Enforcement and Absorptive Capacity Quaderni DSE Working Paper No. 809 Alireza Naghavi and Yingyi Tsai University of Bologna - Department of Economics and National University of Kaohsiung Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads Human Diversity and Asymmetries: A Reinterpretation of the Social Contract Under the Capabilities Approach Sur International Journal on Human Rights, Vol. 8, No. 14, p. 167, June 2011 Stella C. Reicher affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Investor State Arbitration or Local Courts: Will Australia Set a New Trend? Journal of World Trade, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 83-120, 2012, UNSW Law Research Paper No. 2012-1 Leon Trakman University of New South Wales (UNSW) - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 39 downloads Negotiating Sexuality in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Sur International Journal on Human Rights, Vol. 8, No. 14, p. 113, June 2011 Marta Schaaf affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Public Policies from a Human Rights Perspective: A Developing Field Sur International Journal on Human Rights, Vol. 8, No. 14, p. 33, June 2011 Daniel Vázquez and Domitille Delaplace affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Representation of Minorities: Rights of Access Media and Human Rights, London, Clemens Nathan Research Centre, pp. 106-126, 2009, Amsterdam Law School Research Paper No. 2012-18, Institute for Information Law Research Paper No. 2012-14 T. McGonagle University of Amsterdam - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Last Revised: February 16, 2012The Empirical Turn in International Legal Scholarship
American Journal of International Law, Vol. 106, p. 1, January 2012, Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-09 Gregory Shaffer and Tom Ginsburg University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - School of Law and University of Chicago Law School Date Posted: February 14, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 69 downloads Transitional Justice and Ongoing Conflict Par Engstrom Human Rights Consortium, School of Advanced Study, University of London Date Posted: February 14, 2012 Working Paper Series 5 downloads Beyond Rationality: A Sociological Construction of the World Trade Organization Virginia Journal of International Law, Vol. 52, No. 2, 2012 Sungjoon Cho Chicago Kent College of Law Date Posted: February 13, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law Berkeley Journal of Middle Eastern & Islamic Law, Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 81, 2010, Georgia State University College of Law, Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2012-03 Ryan Rowberry and John Khalil Georgia State University - College of Law and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 10, 2012 Last Revised: February 14, 2012Paradoxes of Personality: Transnational Corporations, Non-Governmental Organizations and Human ...
PROGRESS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW, p. 381, Russell Miller and Rebecca Bratspies eds., Martinus Nijhoff, June 2008, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-2 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads The Hague Convention on Child Abduction and Unilateral Relocations by Custodial Parents: A Perspective from the United States and Europe â Abbott, Neulinger, Zarraga Oklahoma Law Review, Vol. 63, p. 733, 2011, NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 12-02 Linda Silberman New York University School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Last Revised: February 11, 2012The Law Was Never Our Own: The Robert Bosch Foundation Fellowship, the German Law Journal, and ...
BUILDING A NEW TRANSATLANTIC GENERATION - ESSAYS BY BOSCH ALUMNI, p. 144, R. Stefan Szwed, ed., 2004, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-3 Russell Miller and Peer Zumbansen Washington and Lee University - School of Law and York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Chasing Ghosts: On Writing Cultural Histories of Tax Law UC Irvine Law Review, Forthcoming Assaf Likhovski Tel Aviv University - School of Law Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 24 downloads Climate Change and International Law: Exploring the Linkages between Human Rights, Environment, Trade and Investment German Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 53, pp. 139-188, 2010 Philipp Aerni , Bertram Boie , Thomas Cottier , Kateryna Holzer , Dannie Jost , Baris Karapinar , Sofya Matteotti , Olga Nartova , Tetyana Payosova , Luca Rubini , Anirudh Shingal , Fitzgerald Temmerman , Elena Xoplaki and Sadeq Z. Bigdeli ETH Zürich and University of Bern , affiliation not provided to SSRN , University of Berne - Institute of European and International Economic Law , affiliation not provided to SSRN , World Trade Institute, University of Bern , affiliation not provided to SSRN , affiliation not provided to SSRN , World Trade Institute - NCCR Trade Regulation - Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research , Florida State University College of Law , University of Birmingham - School of Law , World Trade Institute , affiliation not provided to SSRN , affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Last Revised: February 08, 2012
Legislation
Bill Introduced: S.Res.372 A resolution recognizing the importance of the United States-Egypt ...
A resolution recognizing the importance of the United States-Egypt relationship, and urging the Government of Egypt to protect civil liberties and cease intimidation and prosecution of civil society workers and democracy activists, and for other purposes.Bill Introduced: S.2101 An original bill to strengthen the multilateral sanctions regime with ...
An original bill to strengthen the multilateral sanctions regime with respect to Iran, to expand sanctions relating to the energy sector of Iran, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by Iran, and human rights abuses in Iran, and for other purposes.Bill Introduced: S.Res.370 A resolution calling for democratic change in Syria.
A resolution calling for democratic change in Syria.Bill Introduced: S.Res.368 A resolution recognizing the anniversary of the tragic earthquake in ...
A resolution recognizing the anniversary of the tragic earthquake in Haiti on January 12, 2010, honoring those who lost their lives in that earthquake, and expressing continued solidarity with the people of Haiti.Bill Introduced: H.R.3880 To require the imposition of sanctions on foreign financial ...
To require the imposition of sanctions on foreign financial institutions that are members of an entity that provides services relating to secure communications, electronic funds transfers, or cable transfers to the Central Bank of Iran or sanctioned financial institutions.
Regulations
Rule - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Libya and UNSCR 2009
Department of State
Rule
Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations:
Libya and UNSCR 2009
,
68313-68314 [2011-28544]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 126 [Public Notice: 7675] RIN 1400-AC97 Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Libya and UNSCR 2009 AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to update the policy regarding Libya to reflect the additional modifications to the United Nations Security Council arms embargo of Libya adopted in September 2011. DATES: Effective Date: This rule... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Filing, Retention, and ...
Department of State
Rule
Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations:
Filing, Retention, and Return of Export Licenses and Filing of Export Information
,
68311-68313 [2011-28548]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 123 RIN 1400-AC91 [Public Notice 7674] Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Filing, Retention, and Return of Export Licenses and Filing of Export Information AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to reflect changes in the requirements for the return of licenses. Applicants are no longer required to return certain expired DSP-5s. This... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - Visas: Documentation of Immigrants under Immigration and Nationality Act, as Amended
Department of State
Rule
Visas:
Documentation of Immigrants under Immigration and Nationality Act, as Amended
,
67361-67363 [2011-28281]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 42 [Public Notice 7391] RIN 1400-AC86 Visas: Documentation of Immigrants Under the Immigration and Nationality Act, as Amended AGENCY: State Department. ACTION: Interim final rule. SUMMARY: This rule amends the Department of State's regulations relating to adoptions in countries party to The Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, to include new adoption provisions from the International Adoption... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Updates to Country Policies, and Other Changes
Department of State
Rule
International Traffic in Arms Regulations:
Updates to Country Policies, and Other Changes
,
47990-47993 [2011-20028]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 126 [Public Notice 7552] RIN 1400-AC81 Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Updates to Country Policies, and Other Changes AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to update country policies regarding Afghanistan, C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire, Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Fiji, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, North Korea,... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - Exchange Visitor Program
Department of State
Rule
Exchange Visitor Program
,
33993-33994 [2011-14499]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 62 [Public Notice 7500] RIN 1400-ZA20 Exchange Visitor Program AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Notice of suspension of applicability of certain requirements. SUMMARY: The Department is temporarily suspending the application of certain requirements governing program status and on-campus and off- campus employment for J-1 Libyan students. This action is necessary to mitigate the adverse impact upon these students due to political turmoil in their home country.... [read document]
View Document | Download PDF
Articles
Crimes Against Humanity: A Category Hors Concours in International Criminal Law?
Amsterdam Law School Research Paper No. 2012-24, Amsterdam Center for International Law No. 2012-06 H. G. van der Wilt University of Amsterdam - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 17, 2012 Working Paper Series 1 downloads An American Perspective on the New Japanese Act on General Rules for Application of Laws Japanese Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 59, pp. 298-313, 2009, U. of Pittsburgh Legal Studies Research Paper Ronald A. Brand and Tabitha S. Fish University of Pittsburgh - School of Law and Saxon, Gilmore, Carraway & Gibbons, P.A. Date Posted: February 16, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Human Rights and the Regulation of Offshored Medicine Tests Amsterdam Law School Research Paper No. 2012-23, General Subserie Research Paper No. 2012-01 Roland Pierik University of Amsterdam Date Posted: February 16, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads The Global Food System, Environmental Protection, and Human Rights Natural Resources & Environment, Vol 26, No. 3, Winter 2012 Carmen G. Gonzalez Seattle University School of Law Date Posted: February 16, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads The World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement System: Embedded in Public International Law? DISPUTE RESOLUTION, Carl Baudenbacher ed., German Law Publishers, 2009 Jacques H.J. Bourgeois and Ravi Soopramanien College of Europe, Bruges and African Development Bank Date Posted: February 16, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Do Athletes Really Have the Right to a Fair Trial in 'Non-Analytical Positive' Doping Cases? American Review of International Arbitration, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 189-240, 2011 Jérôme de Montmollin and Dmitry A. Pentsov Froriep Renggli and Froriep Renggli Date Posted: February 15, 2012 Last Revised: February 16, 2012The Shared Transatlantic Jurisprudence of Dignity
German Law Journal, Vol. 4, No. 9, p. 925, 2003, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-4 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 04, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Towards a Uniform European Capital Markets Law: Proposals of the Commission to Reform Market Abuse Bucerius Law School Working Paper No. 1/2012 Ruediger Veil and Philipp Koch affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 04, 2012 Working Paper Series 8 downloads Legitimacy, Blind Spots and Paradoxes of Personality SELECT PROCEEDINGS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, p. 267, H. Fabri, R. Wolfrum & J. Gogolin, Hart Publishing, 2008, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-3 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 03, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads A Short Note on Corruption in Telecommunications in Kenya Ewan Sutherland University of Witwatersrand, LINK Centre Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Working Paper Series 6 downloads Much Ado, But Nothing: California's New World War II Slave Labor Law Statute of Limitations and Its Place in the Increasingly Futile Effort to Obtain Compensation from American Courts NS-FORCED LABOR: REMEMBRANCE AND RESPONSIBILITY, p. 201, Peer Zumbansen, ed., 2002, Whittier Law Review, Vol. 23, p. 121, 2001-2002, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-1 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Paradoxes of Personality: Transnational Corporations, Non-Governmental Organizations and Human Rights in International Law PROGRESS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW, p. 381, Russell Miller and Rebecca Bratspies eds., Martinus Nijhoff, June 2008, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-2 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Private Appeals to WTO Law: An Update JOURNAL OF WORLD TRADE, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 245-260, 2008 Marco Bronckers Leiden University - Leiden Law School Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 10 downloads Promoting Cultural Diversity in the Irish Broadcasting Sector: An Assessment of International Standards and Best Practices with a View to Their Operationalisation in an Irish Context Amsterdam Law School Research Paper No. 2012-13, Institute for Information Law Research Paper No. 2012-12 T. McGonagle University of Amsterdam - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 2 downloads The Law Was Never Our Own: The Robert Bosch Foundation Fellowship, the German Law Journal, and the Meaning of Comparative Law BUILDING A NEW TRANSATLANTIC GENERATION - ESSAYS BY BOSCH ALUMNI, p. 144, R. Stefan Szwed, ed., 2004, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-3 Russell Miller and Peer Zumbansen Washington and Lee University - School of Law and York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Theorizing the Foreign Affairs Constitution Fordham Law Legal Studies Research Paper Thomas H. Lee Fordham University School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Working Paper Series 27 downloads Beyond FATCA: An Evolutionary Moment for the International Tax System Itai Grinberg Georgetown University Law Center Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Last Revised: February 16, 2012Outsourcing Covert Activities
Journal of National Security Law & Policy, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2012, GWU Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2012-9, GWU Law School Public Law Research Paper No. 2012-9 Laura Dickinson George Washington University - Law School Date Posted: February 15, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 13 downloads Ventajas del Problem Based Learning (PBL) Como Método de Aprendizaje del Derecho Internacional (Advantages of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) as a Learning Method for International Law) Revista de PegadogÃa, 2012, Katia Fach Gómez University of Zaragoza Date Posted: February 15, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 2 downloads Evaluating a Demand for Inclusionary Governance in Post-Conflict Situations International Journal of the Rule of Law, Transitional Justice and Human Rights, Vol. 2, 2011 Marjolein Schaap Erasmus School of Law Date Posted: February 14, 2012 Last Revised: February 15, 2012A Short Note on Corruption in Telecommunications in the Kingdom of Morocco
Ewan Sutherland University of Witwatersrand, LINK Centre Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Working Paper Series 6 downloads Gats and Public Health Care: An Uneasy Relationship TILEC Discussion Paper No. 2012-005 Panagiotis Delimatsis Tilburg Law and Economics Center (TILEC) Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Working Paper Series 4 downloads Transparency in the WTO Decision-Making TILEC Discussion Paper No. 2012-006 Panagiotis Delimatsis Tilburg Law and Economics Center (TILEC) Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Working Paper Series 16 downloads Virtual Battlegrounds: Direct Participation in Cyber Warfare Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 12/10 Emily Crawford University of Sydney - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 45 downloads Use of the WTO Trade Dispute Settlement Mechanism by the Latin American Countries Dispelling Myths and Breaking Down Barriers ERSD Working Paper No. 2012-03 Raul Torres World Trade Organization (WTO) Date Posted: February 08, 2012 Working Paper Series 3 downloads Book Review: Climate Change and Displacement: Multidisciplinary Perspectives Human Rights Quarterly , Vol. 34, p. 267, 2012 , U of Cincinnati Public Law Research Paper No. 12.03, CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISPLACEMENT: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES, Jane McAdam, ed., Hart, 2010 Bradford C. Mank University of Cincinnati - College of Law Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 9 downloads International Payments Law Reform: Introduction of Global Code of Payments Banking & Finance Law Review, Vol. 25, No. 3, p. 405, June 2010 Julius Kiss Charles University in Prague - Law Faculty Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 6 downloads There is No Human Right to Democracy: But May We Promote It Anyway? Stanford Journal of International Law, Forthcoming, Villanova Law/Public Policy Research Matthew J. Lister University of Pennsylvania Law School Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 86 downloads Transnational Comparisons: Theory and Practice of Comparative Law as a Critique of Global Governance Osgoode CLPE Research Paper No. 1/2012 Peer Zumbansen York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Working Paper Series 20 downloads Electronic Health Record: Wiring Europeâs Healthcare Computer Law & Security Report, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 503-515, 2011 Patrick Kierkegaard University of Copenhagen - Faculty of Science Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Partisan Conflicts Over Presidential Authority William & Mary Law Review, Vol. 53, p. 389, 2011, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 12-02 Jide Nzelibe Northwestern University - School of Law Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 8 downloads Rational Choice within Normative Constraints: Compliance by Liberal Democracies with the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights Andreas von Staden Department of Political Science, University of St. Gallen Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Last Revised: February 14, 2012Response to Opposition of Plaintiff-Appellee David Bazalar to Motion of Michael J. Bazyler, et. ...
Jennifer Anglim Kreder and Edward Gaffney Northern Kentucky University - Salmon P. Chase College of Law and Valparaiso University Date Posted: February 13, 2012 Working Paper Series 1 downloads Trade and Intellectual Property INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW, Heng Wang, ed., Law Press, 2012 Frank Emmert Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law Date Posted: February 13, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 4 downloads Impact of WTO Law on European Food Regulation European Food and Feed Law Review, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 361-375, 2008 Marco Bronckers and Ravi Soopramanien Leiden University - Leiden Law School and African Development Bank Date Posted: February 12, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 4 downloads Is the Romanian Basic Matrimonial Property Regime Made of Mandatory Rules (from the Conflict of Laws Point of View)? Cosmin Dariescu Alexandru I. Cuza University of Iasi Date Posted: February 12, 2012 Working Paper Series Love it or Hate it, But for the Right Reasons: Pragmatism and the New Haven School's International Law of Human Dignity Boston College International and Comparative Law Review, Vol. 35, No. 1, 2012 Hengameh Saberi Harvard Law School Date Posted: February 12, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Poison in the Wine? Tracing Gats-Minus Commitments in Regional Trade Agreements Rudolf Adlung and Sebastien Miroudot World Trade Organization and Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) - Trade Directorate (ECH) Date Posted: February 12, 2012 Working Paper Series 1 downloads Fisheries Management Standards in the WTO Fisheries Subsidies Talks: Learning How to Discipline Environmental PPMs? Journal of World Trade, Vol. 46, No. 5, October 2012 Fabrizio Meliadò affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 11, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 9 downloads A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law Berkeley Journal of Middle Eastern & Islamic Law, Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 81, 2010, Georgia State University College of Law, Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2012-03 Ryan Rowberry and John Khalil Georgia State University - College of Law and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 10, 2012 Last Revised: February 14, 2012
