International Law
Overview
What is international law?
International law, commonly referred to as "public international law," regulates relations and activities between nations. It also contains rules regarding the operations of international organizations, such as the United Nations. In addition, it governs state treatment of individuals and juridical persons (i.e., non-natural persons, such as a corporation, association or partnership).
International law is distinct from "private international law" (also known as "conflict of laws"), which regulates dealings between individuals and juridical persons from different nations.
Note that international law refers to nations as sovereign states. In this context, sovereign states does not mean states within a nation. Furthermore, in the United States, individual states lack authority to engage in international dealings. The U.S. Constitution explicitly denies states this power, and vests it with the federal government. (U.S. Const. Art. I, § 10).
International law encompasses several areas, such as international trade, the creation and dissolution of states, use of force (regarding when a state may initiate force against another state), armed conflict ("humanitarian law", which regulates how a state conducts an armed conflict), human rights (which are set forth in several international instruments, such as the Declaration of Human Rights), refugees, crimes, environment, labor, the sea, air space, and postal services.
Featured Cases
Virtual Battlegrounds: Direct Participation in Cyber Warfare
Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 12/10 Emily Crawford University of Sydney - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads There is No Human Right to Democracy: But May We Promote It Anyway? Stanford Journal of International Law, Forthcoming, Villanova Law/Public Policy Research Matthew J. Lister University of Pennsylvania Law School Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 36 downloads Allegro without Vivaldi: Trademark Protection, Freedom of Speech, and Constitutional Balancing Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 12/08 Wojciech Sadurski University of Sydney-Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 2 downloads Coming to Terms with Dred Scott: A Response to Daniel A. Farber Pepperdine Law Review, Vol. 39, p. 49, 2011, Albany Law School Research Paper No. 42 of 2011-2012 Paul Finkelman Albany Law School - Government Law Center Date Posted: February 05, 2012 Last Revised: February 08, 2012China and the Human
Emory Law and Economics Research Paper No. 12-121, Emory Public Law Research Paper No. 12-185 David L Eng , Teemu Ruskola and Shuang Shen University of Pennsylvania - Department of English , Emory University School of Law and Pennsylvania State University - College of the Liberal Arts Date Posted: February 03, 2012 Working Paper Series 8 downloads Chasing Ghosts: On Writing Cultural Histories of Tax Law UC Irvine Law Review, Forthcoming Assaf Likhovski Tel Aviv University - School of Law Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 22 downloads Climate Change and International Law: Exploring the Linkages between Human Rights, Environment, Trade and Investment German Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 53, pp. 139-188, 2010 Philipp Aerni , Bertram Boie , Thomas Cottier , Kateryna Holzer , Dannie Jost , Baris Karapinar , Sofya Matteotti , Olga Nartova , Tetyana Payosova , Luca Rubini , Anirudh Shingal , Fitzgerald Temmerman , Elena Xoplaki and Sadeq Z. Bigdeli ETH Zürich and University of Bern , affiliation not provided to SSRN , University of Berne - Institute of European and International Economic Law , affiliation not provided to SSRN , World Trade Institute, University of Bern , affiliation not provided to SSRN , affiliation not provided to SSRN , World Trade Institute - NCCR Trade Regulation - Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research , Florida State University College of Law , University of Birmingham - School of Law , World Trade Institute , affiliation not provided to SSRN , affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Last Revised: February 08, 2012Investors Beware: Assessing Shareholder Derivative Litigation in India and China
University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 173-237, 2011, Saint Louis U. Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2011 - 33 Ann M. Scarlett Saint Louis University - School of Law Date Posted: February 05, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads The Case for a Common European Sales Law in an Age of Rising Nationalism Amsterdam Law School Research Paper No. 2012-19, Centre for the Study of European Contract Law Working Paper Series No. 2012-01 Martijn W. Hesselink University of Amsterdam - Centre for the Study of European Contract Law (CSECL) Date Posted: February 05, 2012 Last Revised: February 06, 2012Does Free Trade Matter for Poverty Reduction? The Case of ASEAN
POVERTY AND THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC LAW SYSTEM, Forthcoming Pasha L. Hsieh Singapore Management University - School of Law Date Posted: January 30, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Emergence and Feasibility of Protections About 'Environmental Refugees' at Issue Revue Tiers-Monde, pp. 35-54, December 2010 Christel Cournil Université Paris XIII Nord Date Posted: January 30, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Human Rights that Influence the Mentally Ill Patient in South African Medical Law: A Discussion of Sections 9, 27, 30 and 31 of the Constitution Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, Vol. 14, No. 7, 2011 Magdaleen Swanepoel University of South Africa - School of Law, Department of Jurisprudence Date Posted: January 30, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 2 downloads Intervention in Libya, Yes; Intervention in Syria, No: Deciphering the Obama Administration Amos N. Guiora University of Utah - S.J. Quinney College of Law Date Posted: January 30, 2012 Working Paper Series 26 downloads The Question of the Protection of 'Environmental Refugees' from the Standpoint of International Law MIGRATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE, pp. 359-386, dâEtienne Piguet, Antoine Pécoud & Paul de Guchteneire, eds., UNESCO Publishing/Cambridge University Press, August 2011, Christel Cournil Université Paris XIII Nord Date Posted: January 30, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Administrative Sanctions in EU Law Adrienne de Moor-van Vugt University of Amsterdam - Amsterdam Center for Law & Economics (ACLE) Date Posted: January 29, 2012 Working Paper Series 6 downloads The American Models of Technology Transfer: Contextualized Emulation by Developing Countries? Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal, Vol. 6, p. 101, 2009 Benton Christopher Martin affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: January 28, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Ownership in Complex Authorship: A Comparative Study of Joint Works Thomas Margoni and Mark Perry University of Western Ontario - Faculty of Law and University of Western Ontario - Faculty of Law Date Posted: January 27, 2012 Working Paper Series 36 downloads Privileged But Equal? A Comparison of U.S. and Israeli Notions of Sex Equality in Employment Law Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 40, p. 357, 2007 Leora F. Eisenstadt Temple University - James E. Beasley School of Law Date Posted: January 27, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Business as Usual after Menarini? MLex Magazine, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 44-47, 2012 Marco Bronckers and Anne Vallery Leiden University - Leiden Law School and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: January 26, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 12 downloads Free, Prior and Informed Consent in the Aftermath of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Developments and Challenges Ahead The International Journal of Human Rights, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 1-24, 2012 Mauro Barelli City Law School, City University London Date Posted: January 26, 2012 Last Revised: February 05, 2012Counterclaims in Investor-State Arbitration
Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vol. 21, No. 2, 2012 Yaraslau Kryvoi London School of Economics - Law Department Date Posted: January 30, 2012 Last Revised: February 05, 2012
Legislation
Bill Introduced: S.Res.368 A resolution recognizing the anniversary of the tragic earthquake in ...
A resolution recognizing the anniversary of the tragic earthquake in Haiti on January 12, 2010, honoring those who lost their lives in that earthquake, and expressing continued solidarity with the people of Haiti.Bill Introduced: H.R.3880 To require the imposition of sanctions on foreign financial ...
To require the imposition of sanctions on foreign financial institutions that are members of an entity that provides services relating to secure communications, electronic funds transfers, or cable transfers to the Central Bank of Iran or sanctioned financial institutions.Bill Introduced: S.Res.366 A resolution honoring the life of dissident and democracy activist ...
A resolution honoring the life of dissident and democracy activist Wilman Villar Mendoza and condemning the Castro regime for the death of Wilman Villar Mendoza.Bill Introduced: H.R.3843 To amend the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and ...
To amend the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 to provide for the imposition of sanctions with respect to the National Iranian Oil Company and the National Iranian Tanker Company.Bill Introduced: S.Res.356 A resolution expressing support for the people of Tibet.
A resolution expressing support for the people of Tibet.
Regulations
Rule - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Libya and UNSCR 2009
Department of State
Rule
Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations:
Libya and UNSCR 2009
,
68313-68314 [2011-28544]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 126 [Public Notice: 7675] RIN 1400-AC97 Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Libya and UNSCR 2009 AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to update the policy regarding Libya to reflect the additional modifications to the United Nations Security Council arms embargo of Libya adopted in September 2011. DATES: Effective Date: This rule... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Filing, Retention, and ...
Department of State
Rule
Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations:
Filing, Retention, and Return of Export Licenses and Filing of Export Information
,
68311-68313 [2011-28548]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 123 RIN 1400-AC91 [Public Notice 7674] Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Filing, Retention, and Return of Export Licenses and Filing of Export Information AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to reflect changes in the requirements for the return of licenses. Applicants are no longer required to return certain expired DSP-5s. This... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - Visas: Documentation of Immigrants under Immigration and Nationality Act, as Amended
Department of State
Rule
Visas:
Documentation of Immigrants under Immigration and Nationality Act, as Amended
,
67361-67363 [2011-28281]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 42 [Public Notice 7391] RIN 1400-AC86 Visas: Documentation of Immigrants Under the Immigration and Nationality Act, as Amended AGENCY: State Department. ACTION: Interim final rule. SUMMARY: This rule amends the Department of State's regulations relating to adoptions in countries party to The Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, to include new adoption provisions from the International Adoption... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Updates to Country Policies, and Other Changes
Department of State
Rule
International Traffic in Arms Regulations:
Updates to Country Policies, and Other Changes
,
47990-47993 [2011-20028]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 126 [Public Notice 7552] RIN 1400-AC81 Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Updates to Country Policies, and Other Changes AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to update country policies regarding Afghanistan, C[ocirc]te d'Ivoire, Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Fiji, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, North Korea,... [read document]
View Document | Download PDFRule - Exchange Visitor Program
Department of State
Rule
Exchange Visitor Program
,
33993-33994 [2011-14499]
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Part 62 [Public Notice 7500] RIN 1400-ZA20 Exchange Visitor Program AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Notice of suspension of applicability of certain requirements. SUMMARY: The Department is temporarily suspending the application of certain requirements governing program status and on-campus and off- campus employment for J-1 Libyan students. This action is necessary to mitigate the adverse impact upon these students due to political turmoil in their home country.... [read document]
View Document | Download PDF
Articles
Comparative Law as Transnational Law: A Decade of the German Law Journal
COMPARATIVE LAW AS TRANSNATIONAL LAW: A DECADE OF THE GERMAN LAW JOURNAL, R. Miller & P. Zumbansen, eds., Oxford University Press, 2011, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2011-25 Russell Miller and Peer Zumbansen Washington and Lee University - School of Law and York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 7 downloads Compliance with Global Environmental Policy THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTIONS, LAW AND POLICY, Second Edition, pp. 163-180, R.S. Axelrod, J.D.L Down, N.J. Vig, eds., CQ Press, 2004, Maastricht Faculty of Law Working Paper Forthcoming MICHAEL G. FAURE and Jurgen Lefevere University of Maastricht - Faculty of Law, Metro and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads MÄori Traditional Cultural Expressions and the Wai 262 Report: Looking at the Details University of Lucerne, Switzerland, i-call Working Paper No. 2012/02 Jessica Christine Lai University of Lucerne Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Working Paper Series 3 downloads MÄori Traditional Knowledge and the Wai 262 Report: A Coherent Way Forward? University of Lucerne, Switzerland, i-call Working Paper No. 2012/03 Jessica Christine Lai University of Lucerne Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Working Paper Series 5 downloads American Entrepreneur in China: Potholes and Roadblocks on the Silk Road to Prosperity Wake Forest Journal of Business and Intellectual Property Law, Vol. 12, 2012 Lawrence J. Trautman affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: January 31, 2012 Last Revised: February 08, 2012Electronic Health Record: Wiring Europeâs Healthcare
Computer Law & Security Report, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 503-515, 2011 Patrick Kierkegaard University of Copenhagen - Faculty of Science Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Partisan Conflicts Over Presidential Authority William & Mary Law Review, Vol. 53, p. 389, 2011, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 12-02 Jide Nzelibe Northwestern University - School of Law Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 3 downloads Reflections on EU International Trade Law: An Introspective View Frontiers of Law in China, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1-20, March 2012 Rafael Leal-Arcas Queen Mary University of London, School of Law Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 4 downloads Rethinking the Role of Amicus Curiae in International Investment Arbitration: How to Draw the Line Favorably for the Public Interest Fordham International Law Journal, Vol. 35, p. 510, 2012 Katia Fach Gómez University of Zaragoza Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 35 downloads African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights - Response to the Situation in Libya American Society of International Law Insights, Vol.15, No. 20, 2011 Anna V. Dolidze Cornell Law School Date Posted: February 05, 2012 Accepted Paper Series El Control De Las Cláusulas Abusivas En Un Futuro Instrumento Opcional (The Control of Unfair Contract Terms in a Future Optional Instrument ) Martin Ebers Humboldt University of Berlin - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 05, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads Initiation of Investigations and Selection of Cases, in Towards Codification of General Rules and Principles of International Criminal Procedure TOWARDS CODIFICATION OF GENERAL RULES AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, Goran Sluiter, ed., Oxford University Press, 2012, Temple University Legal Studies Research Paper Forthcoming Margaret M. deGuzman and William A. Schabas Temple University - James E. Beasley School of Law and University College, Galway (UCG) - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 05, 2012 Last Revised: February 08, 2012Challenges in International Monetary Law
TRADE AND COMPETITION LAW IN THE EU AND BEYOND, pp. 35-47, Inge Govaere, Reinhard Quick & Marco Bronckers, eds., Edward Elgar Publishing, 2011 Tetyana Payosova and Thomas Cottier Florida State University College of Law and University of Berne - Institute of European and International Economic Law Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Climate Change and International Law: Exploring the Linkages between Human Rights, Environment, Trade and Investment German Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 53, pp. 139-188, 2010 Philipp Aerni , Bertram Boie , Thomas Cottier , Kateryna Holzer , Dannie Jost , Baris Karapinar , Sofya Matteotti , Olga Nartova , Tetyana Payosova , Luca Rubini , Anirudh Shingal , Fitzgerald Temmerman , Elena Xoplaki and Sadeq Z. Bigdeli ETH Zürich and University of Bern , affiliation not provided to SSRN , University of Berne - Institute of European and International Economic Law , affiliation not provided to SSRN , World Trade Institute, University of Bern , affiliation not provided to SSRN , affiliation not provided to SSRN , World Trade Institute - NCCR Trade Regulation - Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research , Florida State University College of Law , University of Birmingham - School of Law , World Trade Institute , affiliation not provided to SSRN , affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Last Revised: February 08, 2012The Shared Transatlantic Jurisprudence of Dignity
German Law Journal, Vol. 4, No. 9, p. 925, 2003, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-4 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 04, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Towards a Uniform European Capital Markets Law: Proposals of the Commission to Reform Market Abuse Bucerius Law School Working Paper No. 1/2012 Ruediger Veil and Philipp Koch affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN Date Posted: February 04, 2012 Working Paper Series 5 downloads Legitimacy, Blind Spots and Paradoxes of Personality SELECT PROCEEDINGS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, p. 267, H. Fabri, R. Wolfrum & J. Gogolin, Hart Publishing, 2008, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-3 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 03, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 2 downloads A Short Note on Corruption in Telecommunications in Kenya Ewan Sutherland University of Witwatersrand, LINK Centre Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads Much Ado, But Nothing: California's New World War II Slave Labor Law Statute of Limitations and Its Place in the Increasingly Futile Effort to Obtain Compensation from American Courts NS-FORCED LABOR: REMEMBRANCE AND RESPONSIBILITY, p. 201, Peer Zumbansen, ed., 2002, Whittier Law Review, Vol. 23, p. 121, 2001-2002, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-1 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Paradoxes of Personality: Transnational Corporations, Non-Governmental Organizations and Human Rights in International Law PROGRESS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW, p. 381, Russell Miller and Rebecca Bratspies eds., Martinus Nijhoff, June 2008, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-2 Russell Miller Washington and Lee University - School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Private Appeals to WTO Law: An Update JOURNAL OF WORLD TRADE, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 245-260, 2008 Marco Bronckers Leiden University - Leiden Law School Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 7 downloads Promoting Cultural Diversity in the Irish Broadcasting Sector: An Assessment of International Standards and Best Practices with a View to Their Operationalisation in an Irish Context Amsterdam Law School Research Paper No. 2012-13, Institute for Information Law Research Paper No. 2012-12 T. McGonagle University of Amsterdam - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 2 downloads The Law Was Never Our Own: The Robert Bosch Foundation Fellowship, the German Law Journal, and the Meaning of Comparative Law BUILDING A NEW TRANSATLANTIC GENERATION - ESSAYS BY BOSCH ALUMNI, p. 144, R. Stefan Szwed, ed., 2004, Washington & Lee Legal Studies Paper No. 2012-3 Russell Miller and Peer Zumbansen Washington and Lee University - School of Law and York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Accepted Paper Series Theorizing the Foreign Affairs Constitution Fordham Law Legal Studies Research Paper Thomas H. Lee Fordham University School of Law Date Posted: February 02, 2012 Working Paper Series 16 downloads Beyond FATCA: An Evolutionary Moment for the International Tax System Itai Grinberg Georgetown University Law Center Date Posted: February 01, 2012 Last Revised: February 07, 2012A Short Note on Corruption in Telecommunications in the Kingdom of Morocco
Ewan Sutherland University of Witwatersrand, LINK Centre Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Working Paper Series Gats and Public Health Care: An Uneasy Relationship TILEC Discussion Paper No. 2012-005 Panagiotis Delimatsis Tilburg Law and Economics Center (TILEC) Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Working Paper Series 1 downloads Transparency in the WTO Decision-Making TILEC Discussion Paper No. 2012-006 Panagiotis Delimatsis Tilburg Law and Economics Center (TILEC) Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads Virtual Battlegrounds: Direct Participation in Cyber Warfare Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 12/10 Emily Crawford University of Sydney - Faculty of Law Date Posted: February 09, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 1 downloads Use of the WTO Trade Dispute Settlement Mechanism by the Latin American Countries Dispelling Myths and Breaking Down Barriers ERSD Working Paper No. 2012-03 Raul Torres World Trade Organization (WTO) Date Posted: February 08, 2012 Working Paper Series 1 downloads Book Review: Climate Change and Displacement: Multidisciplinary Perspectives Human Rights Quarterly , Vol. 34, p. 267, 2012 , U of Cincinnati Public Law Research Paper No. 12.03, CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISPLACEMENT: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES, Jane McAdam, ed., Hart, 2010 Bradford C. Mank University of Cincinnati - College of Law Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 7 downloads International Payments Law Reform: Introduction of Global Code of Payments Banking & Finance Law Review, Vol. 25, No. 3, p. 405, June 2010 Julius Kiss Charles University in Prague - Law Faculty Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 5 downloads There is No Human Right to Democracy: But May We Promote It Anyway? Stanford Journal of International Law, Forthcoming, Villanova Law/Public Policy Research Matthew J. Lister University of Pennsylvania Law School Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Accepted Paper Series 36 downloads Transnational Comparisons: Theory and Practice of Comparative Law as a Critique of Global Governance Osgoode CLPE Research Paper No. 1/2012 Peer Zumbansen York University - Osgoode Hall Law School Date Posted: February 07, 2012 Working Paper Series 2 downloads Compliance with the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights Andreas von Staden University of St. Gallen Date Posted: February 06, 2012 Last Revised: February 07, 2012
