Average Per-Pupil Expenditure (APPE)

The expenditure per pupil for the cost of general education, defined in 34 CFR 300.702.

Source: U.S. Department of Education

Last reviewed October 2023

Restoring Confidence in Elections: The ALI’s Timely Statement on Ethical Standards

James F. McHugh, a retired Massachusetts Appeals Court Justice, comments on the American Law Institute (ALI)’s recently released Statement entitled “Ethical Standards for Election Administration,” which seeks to help election administrators understand and agree on basic ethical principles for implementing election laws, in light of the contentious 2020 Presidential Election and concerns about the upcoming November 2024 election.