Mineral Probate Lawyers

Compare top rated Washington attorneys serving Mineral.
Services
Lawyer Rating
Video Conferencing
Free Consultation & Fees
More Filters
Paul Premack
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Paul Premack
Olympia, WA Probate Attorney with 41 years of experience
(206) 905-1122 614 Alma Lane SE
Olympia, WA 98513
Free ConsultationProbate and Elder
University of Houston - Main Campus
Paul Premack is a Certified Elder Law Attorney through the National Elder Law Foundation. He was a founding member of the Council of Advanced Practitioners of the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys, and has been a NAELA member since 1989. His practice encompasses estate planning for individuals, couples and families of all ages, probate to assist surviving heirs when a family member dies, and elder law to assist clients with specific legal challenges. Paul is a Geriatric Scholar via the University of Texas Health Science Center. Paul has written the legal column for Hearst Newspapers. His column...
Keith Armstrong
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial MediaResponsive Law
Keith Armstrong
Spanaway, WA Probate Lawyer with 30 years of experience
(253) 221-0285 841 174th St S
Spanaway, WA 98387
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Business, Elder and Estate Planning
Washburn University School of Law and Brunel University London
Mr. Armstrong was formerly a Government Trial Lawyer with over 1000 victories and a 75% win ratio in state and appellate hearings. His perspective can give you well-rounded advice because he served as a prosecutor, defense counsel and advisor for WA state agencies. Mr. Armstrong helps you understand and use the strong arm of the law to your advantage. His advice is proven but more importantly, understandable. His simple background in Oklahoma City allows him to break down complete legal issues into understandable options to protect your empire. Mr. Armstrong has studied International and Administrative Law in London, England, France, Italy...
Ryan Anton Jacobsen
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Ryan Anton Jacobsen
Olympia, WA Probate Attorney with 15 years of experience
(360) 918-7776 2018 Caton Way SW #106
Olympia, WA 98502
Probate, Estate Planning, Landlord Tenant and Real Estate
Chapman University Fowler School of Law
I'm a transactional and litigation attorney, and I love my job. About 90% of my clients have legal issues involving real property and personal property, which includes estate planning and wills, trust estates, probate estates, guardianship estates, insurance settlements, debt collection, short sales, deeds in lieu, cash for keys, residential and commercial leases, landlord-tenant disputes, real estate transactions, property contract disputes, real estate LLCs and trusts, corporate stock sales, and investment property. These matters fit neatly into three categories: People, Property, and Business. I have an incredible wife, Abby, and two beautiful children, Benjamin and Leah. I enjoy woodworking,...
Scott John Terry
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Scott John Terry
Sumner, WA Probate Attorney with 35 years of experience
(253) 299-6800 15306 Main Street East
Suite B
Sumner, WA 98390
Free ConsultationProbate, Estate Planning, Insurance Claims and Personal Injury
Seattle University School of Law
Lisa A. Kremer
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Lisa A. Kremer
Tacoma, WA Probate Lawyer with 16 years of experience
(253) 620-6249 1201 Pacific Ave
#2100
Tacoma, WA 98402
Probate, Elder, Estate Planning and IP
University of Washington School of Law
Lisa Kremer's practice focuses primarily on estate planning, probate, and guardianship. She particularly enjoys working with families to try to resolve issues with a minimum amount of stress and turmoil. Lisa also advises businesses, particularly on trademark, copyright and privacy issues, including HIPPA compliance.

Lisa began her professional career as a journalist. She was an award-winning reporter for The News Tribune. In 2005 she decided to move from writing about people’s problems to helping solve them. She commuted from Tacoma to the University of Washington School of Law in Seattle and graduated in 2008.

Lisa is a Trustee of the Tacoma-Pierce County...
Heather C. Ramirez
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
Heather C. Ramirez
Tacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 16 years of experience
(253) 201-8007 1201 Pacific Avenue
Suite 1503
Tacoma, WA 98402
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Elder, Estate Planning and Family
Seattle University School of Law
After being admitted to the Washington State Bar Association, Ms. Ramirez practiced law in the private sector with emphasis on family law, bankruptcy, estate planning and elder law matters. Ms. Ramirez compassionately advocates on behalf of her clients while she assists them in successfully resolving difficult disputes and navigating through litigation and complex legal issues.

Professional Memberships/Organizations
Ms. Ramirez is licensed to practice in the State of Washington and the United States District Court. She is also a member of the following professional associations:
Washington State Bar Association, Member
King County Bar Association, Member
Tacoma-Pierce County Bar Association, Member

Education
Seattle University School of Law,...
David K. Myers
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David K. Myers
Gig Harbor, WA Probate Attorney with 9 years of experience
(253) 514-9448 3208 50th St Ct NW Ste 205A
Gig Harbor, WA 98335
Probate and Estate Planning
Willamette University College of Law
I am a resident of Gig Harbor, WA, and have lived in the community for over 20 years. I focus my practice on estate planning, including: wills, trusts, and probate administration.
Conor Emery McCarthy
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Conor Emery McCarthy
Tacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 19 years of experience
(253) 327-1900 710 Market Street
Tacoma, WA 98402
Probate, Business and Real Estate
Seattle University School of Law
Conor McCarthy is an experienced Real Estate and Estate Planning attorney, and has spent nearly 15 years helping his clients navigate and resolve complex transactions and disputes. Serving clients large and small, private and public, Conor prides himself on taking the time to listen and fully understand a client’s challenges and goals.

Conor began his career as a civil litigator zealously advocating in contract, construction, real estate, land use and commercial disputes. He then transitioned to become a skilled municipal and transactional attorney negotiating and closing complex commercial and real estate deals, and resolving difficult land use challenges. After managing...
Eileen S. Peterson
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Eileen S. Peterson
Tacoma, WA Probate Lawyer with 37 years of experience
(253) 620-6419 1201 Pacific Ave
#2100
Tacoma, WA 98402
Probate, Arbitration & Mediation and Estate Planning
Seattle University School of Law
There are few attorneys in the Pacific Northwest who possess as much knowledge and experience in the field of elder law as Eileen Peterson. In fact, she is the only attorney in Pierce County certified as an Elder Law Attorney by the National Elder Law Foundation since the program began in 1994.

Eileen has also served as Chair of the Guardianship Task Force for WSBA Elder Law Section from 2007-2013 and was the recipient of the WSBA Elder Law Exceptional Service Award in 2009. She is a frequent speaker and presenter on a wide range of topics including elder law, guardianship,...
James Christnacht
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
James Christnacht
University Place , WA Probate Lawyer with 39 years of experience
(253) 565-0270 2554 Locust Ave W Ste E
University Place , WA 98466
Free ConsultationProbate, Elder, Estate Planning and Personal Injury
University of Washington School of Law
JAMES F. CHRISTNACHT was admitted to practice law in the state of Washington in 1984 after having attended the University Of Puget Sound School Of Law. Mr. Christnacht has engaged in the general practice of law since his admission to the bar. He is admitted to practice before the Washington State Courts, Federal District Court and the Puyallup Tribal Court. His practice has included personal injury, probate, guardianship, wills and estate planning, will contests and estate litigation, misdemeanor criminal defense and traffic matters, real estate, and business law. Mr. Christnacht is a second generation lawyer. Having grown up with...
Alan D. Macpherson
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Alan D. Macpherson
Tacoma, WA Probate Lawyer with 48 years of experience
(800) 240-5051 1201 Pacific Ave
#2100
Tacoma, WA 98402
Probate, Business, Estate Planning and Tax
University of Washington School of Law
Alan Macpherson’s primary area of practice at GTH is estate planning and taxation. He particularly enjoys working on projects that combine financial and tax as well as legal aspects, such as establishing and monitoring investment LLCs and generation-skipping trusts and helping clients build specific themes into their estate plans, like helping with the education of grandchildren.
June Shin Weppler
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingResponsive Law
June Shin Weppler
Tumwater, WA Probate Lawyer with 23 years of experience
(360) 545-3817 208 Lee St. SW
Suite 108
Tumwater, WA 98501
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Elder, Estate Planning and Family
University of Washington School of Law and Seattle University School of Law
June is a graduate of Seattle University School of Law in 2000 and University of Washington School of Law in 2003, receiving J.D. and LL.M in Tax respectively. She was admitted to practice in Washington State in 2000. In her early career, she served business owners in matters involving tax, real estate, business transaction, business litigation, probate, and estate planning in Olympia. Her practice currently is focused on (collaborative) family law, estate planning, and probate. June is a firm believer in collaborative approach in resolving family law issues. As a trained collaborative divorce attorney, she is able to...
Amanda McLean Nathan
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Amanda McLean Nathan
Tacoma, WA Probate Lawyer
(800) 240-5051 1201 Pacific Ave
#2100
Tacoma, WA 98402
Probate, Estate Planning and Real Estate
University of Washington School of Law
Erin McCrillis
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Erin McCrillis
Olympia, WA Probate Attorney with 5 years of experience
(360) 939-3978 2401 Bristol Ct SW, Suite C-102
Olympia, WA 98502
Probate and Estate Planning
University of Idaho College of Law
Erin is the founder of the Law Office of Erin R. McCrillis where she practices in the areas of estate planning, estate administration, and trust administration. Erin was admitted to the Washington State Bar in 2018. Erin is a mom and wife. Erin loves to travel and as marathon runner, backpacker, kayaker, and soccer player, she is happiest being active in the outdoors. Erin's proudest accomplishment is hiking 508 miles across the Camino de Santiago.
Michael T. Smith
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael T. Smith
Tacoma, WA Probate Lawyer with 16 years of experience
(800) 488-8724 5308 12th St E
Tacoma, WA 98424-2796
Probate, Business, Estate Planning and Real Estate
Seattle University School of Law and The George Washington University Law School
Michael T. Smith advises individuals and companies of all types and sizes regarding the proper formation and structure of a business entity (corporation, limited liability company, etc.), their general business and corporate matters, issues related to the purchase or sale or lease of real property and transactions to purchase or sell their business. Michael also focuses his practice on assisting people prepare their estate plan, including wills, trusts, community property agreements, durable powers of attorney, health care directives, and helping families navigate and administer a loved one's estate in probate proceedings. Michael can also assist with guardianship proceedings for loved ones...
Charles Rivoire Hostnik
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video Conferencing
Charles Rivoire Hostnik
Puyallup, WA Probate Attorney with 44 years of experience
(253) 475-4200 315 - 39th Ave SW
Suite 9
Puyallup, WA 98373
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Business, Estate Planning and Native American
University of Puget Sound
Chuck practices in both State and Federal Courts, as well as many Tribal Courts. Chuck is a semi-retired Tribal Court Judge, having acted for 16 years as a judge on specific cases for 32 different Indian Tribes located in the states of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, Wisconsin and Nebraska. Chuck has also been appointed as a Special Master Judge for the Mashantucket Pequot Tribe in Connecticut. On occasion Chuck is still appointed by Tribes to act as a trial or appellate judge.

In addition to Indian law, Chuck has an...
Douglas N. Kiger
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Douglas N. Kiger
Tacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 27 years of experience
(253) 272-2997 4717 South 19th Street, Suite 109
Tacoma, WA 98405
Probate, Business, Estate Planning and Real Estate
Seattle University School of Law
Thomas Alan Baldwin JR
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video Conferencing
Thomas Alan Baldwin JR
Puyallup, WA Probate Attorney with 25 years of experience
(253) 864-7800 1002 39th Ave SW
Suite 205
Puyallup, WA 98373
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Business, Estate Planning and Family
About Thomas

I have been a practicing attorney in the state of Washington since 1998. Since that time I pride myself in being a problem solver for my clients. Clients come to me with a variety of problems and legal issues. It is my job to help solve those problems and to resolve their issues. Sometimes the answer to the problem is aggressive litigation while other times simple, competent assistance with legal transactions is all that is needed. Regardless of what type of problem or legal issue you have, I am here to help you solve...
Mark A Morenz-Harbinger
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Mark A Morenz-Harbinger
Kent, WA Probate Lawyer with 10 years of experience
(253) 234-1205 1819 Central Avenue South
C-107
Kent, WA 98032
Free ConsultationProbate, Civil Rights, Estate Planning and Family
Northern Kentucky University
Diem  Hallaq
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video Conferencing
Diem Hallaq
Kent, WA Probate Attorney with 18 years of experience
(206) 751-6643 606 Central Ave. S.
Kent, WA 98032
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate and Bankruptcy
Seattle University School of Law
Simon Stocker
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Simon Stocker
Olympia, WA Probate Lawyer with 25 years of experience
(360) 943-7710 1800 Cooper Point Rd. SW
Building 1
Olympia, WA 98502
Free ConsultationProbate, Estate Planning, Personal Injury and Workers' Comp
Seattle University School of Law
Robert C. Iddins
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingResponsive Law
Robert C. Iddins
Kent, WA Probate Attorney with 18 years of experience
(253) 854-1244 25052 104th Ave SE Ste B
Kent, WA 98030
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Business, Estate Planning and Personal Injury
Seattle University School of Law
At Iddins Law Group, our skilled team is dedicated to providing client-focused services in Probate, Estate Planning, Elder Law, Personal Injury, and DUIs.
Stephen John Henderson
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Stephen John Henderson
Olympia, WA Probate Attorney with 49 years of experience
(360) 943-7710 1800 Cooper Point Rd SW
Olympia, WA 98502
Probate, Estate Planning, Personal Injury and Workers' Comp
Seattle University School of Law and University of Washington School of Law
Annie N Arbenz
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video Conferencing
Annie N Arbenz
Tacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 15 years of experience
(253) 302-4849 2200 North 30th Street
Suite 202
Tacoma, WA 98403
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate and Estate Planning
Gonzaga University School of Law and University of Washington School of Law
Douglas Jay Lineberry
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Douglas Jay Lineberry
Tacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 25 years of experience
(253) 274-1400 732 Broadway
Suite 301
Tacoma, WA 98402
Probate, Bankruptcy, Business and Estate Planning
Peter Haroldson
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Peter Haroldson
University Place, WA Probate Lawyer with 19 years of experience
(253) 581-0660 5316 Orchard Street West
University Place, WA 98467
Probate, Divorce, Estate Planning and Family
Tulane University School of Law
Thomas E. Gates
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingResponsive Law
Thomas E. Gates
Federal Way, WA Probate Attorney with 20 years of experience
(253) 332-7899 33207 11th Avenue SW
Federal Way, WA 98023-5325
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Criminal, DUI and Estate Planning
Seattle University School of Law
Arthur Colby Parks
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Arthur Colby Parks
Tacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 31 years of experience
(253) 682-1960 1008 Yakima Ave Ste 100
Tacoma, WA 98405
Probate, Business, Civil Rights and Estate Planning
Susan Pai
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Susan Pai
Olympia, WA Probate Lawyer with 25 years of experience
(360) 705-1335 2401 Bristol Court SW
Suite A-103
Olympia, WA 98502
Probate, Estate Planning and Immigration
Immigration Lawyer Susan Pai - Olympia, WA, is committed to providing personalized, reliable, and affordable legal solutions to those seeking travel and legal residency in the United States. For over 15 years, Susan Pai has helped families and businesses with various visa applications, such as green cards and permanent residence. Susan Pai strives to understand her client's needs to provide the best solution. With her unwavering commitment to client satisfaction, she is here to guide you through every step of the process. From the initial consultation to the successful resolution, Immigration Lawyer Susan Pai is here to exceed your expectations. Immigration...
Dan E. Liebman
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Dan E. Liebman
WA, WA Probate Attorney with 15 years of experience
(360) 489-0432 WA, WA 98501
Free ConsultationProbate, Criminal, Estate Planning and Family
Wendy Louise Harris
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Wendy Louise Harris
CHEHALIS, WA Probate Lawyer with 15 years of experience
(360) 520-0455 409 S Market Blvd
Ste 4
CHEHALIS, WA 98532
Probate, Estate Planning and Real Estate
Allen T. Miller
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Allen T. Miller
Olympia, WA Probate Attorney with 42 years of experience
(360) 754-9156 1801 W Bay Dr NW
Suite 205
Olympia, WA 98502
Probate, Administrative, Environmental and Estate Planning
John Kenney
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial Media
John Kenney
(360) 850-1049 17791 Fjord Dr NE
Suite 154
Poulsbo, WA 98370
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfPoulsbo, WA Probate Attorney with 26 years of experience
Probate, Business, Elder and Estate Planning
University of Washington School of Law and The University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law
Mr. Kenney has over twenty six years helping families, individuals & business owners with estate planning, asset protection, wealth preservation, business planning & real estate transactions. Mr. Kenney has created thousands of estate & asset protection planning documents, which include wills, powers of attorney, health care powers of attorney, living wills, other advance medical directives, revocable living trusts, dynasty trusts, safe harbor trusts, irrevocable trusts, gifting trusts, educational trusts, retirement plan trusts, IRA trusts, charitable trusts, charitable lead trusts, charitable remainder trusts, private foundations, 501c3 charities, qualified personal residence trusts, grantor retained annuity trusts, family limited partnerships, (FLP) domestic asset protection...
Lisa Nicole Ellis
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
Lisa Nicole Ellis
Bellevue, WA Probate Lawyer with 23 years of experience
(425) 296-6271 40 Lake Bellevue Drive
Suite 100
Bellevue, WA 98005
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Elder and Estate Planning
University of Oregon School of Law
Lisa Ellis was admitted to the Washington Bar in 2000. She is the Principal of Ellis Law, LLC which serves clients in Bellevue, WA and surrounding Puget Sound communities. Lisa's practice is focused on providing specialized estate planning for older adults, estate planning, representation in adult guardianships and probate administration. Lisa received her undergraduate degree at Whitman College and law degree at The University of Oregon where she was an executive editor of The Oregon Law Review. Lisa was an Attorney Advisor at the Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), a position she entered through the U.S....
Renee Louise Roman
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial MediaResponsive Law
Renee Louise Roman
(253) 532-5271 6716 Eastside Dr NE
Suite 7
Tacoma, WA 98422
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfTacoma, WA Probate Attorney with 36 years of experience
Probate, Business, Estate Planning and Real Estate
Lewis & Clark Law School
Renee Roman is a seasoned attorney with extensive experience, holding licenses from the Washington State Bar Association. Additionally, she has achieved success as a real estate broker in the state of Washington. Prior to establishing Marine View Law & Escrow PLLC, Renee gained valuable experience in real estate and worked as part of a general practice law firm, specializing in family law, real estate matters, estate planning, and probate. Currently, Renee focuses her practice on real estate law,, estate planning, and probate cases. She is deeply committed to providing top-notch representation and passionately advocates for the rights of her clients. No matter...
Jadrian Michael Coppieters
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial Media
Jadrian Michael Coppieters
Mercer Island, WA Probate Attorney with 4 years of experience
(206) 236-1500 3035 Island Crest Way
Suite 201
Mercer Island, WA 98040
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Estate Planning and Tax
Georgetown University Law Center and Georgetown University Law Center
Angela Macey-Cushman
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Angela Macey-Cushman
Seattle, WA Probate Lawyer with 17 years of experience
(206) 340-2200 701 Pike Street
Suite 1510
Seattle, WA 98101
Probate, Elder and Estate Planning
University of Washington School of Law, University of Washington School of Law and Seattle University
Angela specializes in estate planning, long-term care and disability planning, special needs trusts, and estate administration. Her clients range in age from the very young to those in their 90’s and beyond.

Prior to joining STIB, Angela was a registered nurse and a litigation attorney. She joined the firm in order to work with Barbara Isenhour and Sean Bleck, both leaders in the field with decades of experience advising seniors and disabled individuals. Now a Member of the firm, Angela works to continue the firm’s tradition of competent and compassionate representation for every client at every stage...
Thomas A. Hackett
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
Thomas A. Hackett
Seattle, WA Probate Attorney with 13 years of experience
(206) 337-7770 1455 NW Leary Way, Suite 400
Seattle, WA 98107
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfProbate, Elder, Estate Planning and Tax
University of Washington School of Law
We help families and business owners plan for now and the future. This is done through estate planning and business planning. Our process is to educate clients about opportunities - and problems - they or their family may encounter down the road. Next, we help them identify their priorities and goals, and then develop a plan to accomplish those goals. This sometimes involves using advanced legal structures and techniques, but we keep the explanations straight forward and understandable. After all, a great plan isn’t that great if you don’t understand it. Quality planning that you understand is...
Brent Bowden
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&A
Brent Bowden
(425) 947-1130 19910 50th Ave W, Ste 205
Lynnwood, WA 98036
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLynnwood, WA Probate Lawyer with 12 years of experience
Probate, Business, Estate Planning and Landlord Tenant
Vermont Law School
A Pacific Northwest native, I grew up on Whidbey Island before moving to Seattle to attend the University of Washington. I received my law degree magna cum laude from Vermont Law School and was admitted to the Washington State Bar in 2011. Prior to joining Gillin Law Group, I was of counsel at Genesis Law Firm for three years and an associate at Purcell Legal & Mediation Services for two years. Prior to that, I was an Assistant City Attorney with the Seattle City Attorney’s Office for three years.
Susan Skelton
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Susan Skelton
Everett, WA Probate Lawyer with 21 years of experience
(360) 822-7224 1812 Hewett Ave #210
Everett, WA 98201
Probate, Bankruptcy, Estate Planning and Foreclosure Defense
Saint Louis University School of Law
Susan E. Skelton
“A Lawyer you can talk to.”

Practicing Law in Everett and Snohomish, WA

I graduated law school in 2003 in St. Louis, MO and opened my own firm, where I focused on personal bankruptcy (Chapters 7 and 13), debtor defense/consumer law, and estate planning, including wills, trusts, durable power of attorneys and probate matters. I had a very successful law firm for over 10 years in St. Louis, prior to moving to Washington.

My family and I moved to Snohomish in September 2013. For several years, I stayed at home with my young children and was extremely active in non-profit work...
Probate Lawyers in Nearby CitiesProbate Lawyers in Nearby Counties

Related Practice Areas

Estate Planning
Family Law
Tax Law

Toggle tool

There are no recently viewed profiles.

There are no saved profiles.

There are no profiles to compare.