El Dorado County Landlord Tenant Lawyers

Compare top rated California attorneys serving El Dorado County.
Services
Lawyer Rating
Video Conferencing
Free Consultation & Fees
More Filters
James L. Arrasmith
PREMIUM
James L. Arrasmith
Landlord Tenant Lawyer Serving El Dorado County, CA
9.8Justia Lawyer Rating for James L. Arrasmith
Dedicated, Experienced Landlord Tenant Lawyer! Call today!
I am a skilled Landlord Tenant attorney dedicated to providing excellent service at affordable rates. I will help you through every step of your case. Call today! Read More »
Valery R. Polyakov
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Valery R. Polyakov
Contra Costa County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 8 years of experience
(925) 835-6968 223 Lavender Way
Oakley, CA 94561
Landlord Tenant, Family, IP and Patents
Wortham F. Briscoe
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Wortham F. Briscoe
Alameda County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 9 years of experience
(510) 398-1526 505 14th Street
Suite 900
Oakland, CA 94612
Landlord Tenant and Personal Injury
Wortham Briscoe is a litigation attorney. He specializes in actions involving personal injury and housing rights. Mr. Briscoe successfully litigated numerous cases involving negligence, wrongful death, elder and dependent adult abuse, housing discrimination, uninhabitable conditions, landlord retaliation, wrongful eviction, sexual assault, fraud, and unfair business practice. Wortham is licensed to practice law in California. He is also an arbitrator with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority’s (FINRA) dispute resolution forum.
Ellie  Lank
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Ellie Lank
Contra Costa County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 15 years of experience
(925) 785-1133 2950 Buskirk Ave.,
Ste 300
Walnut Creek, CA 94597
Landlord Tenant, Business and Real Estate
Western Michigan University Cooley Law School and Golden Gate University School of Law
Marc Branco
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Marc Branco
San Francisco County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 14 years of experience
(415) 489-0529 28 2nd Street 3rd Floor
San Francisco, CA 94105
Free ConsultationLandlord Tenant, Business, Domestic Violence and Estate Planning
Golden Gate University
Charles Lewis Gravett III
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Charles Lewis Gravett III
Napa County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 36 years of experience
(707) 258-1030 1125 Jefferson St
Napa, CA 94559
Landlord Tenant, Bankruptcy, Business and Tax
University of Virginia School of Law, Univ of Virginia School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Jonathan H. Van Ee
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Jonathan H. Van Ee
Alameda County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 23 years of experience
(415) 938-7694 7172 Regional Street, No. 342
Dublin, CA 94568
Landlord Tenant, Asbestos, Business and Health Care
Columbia Univ School of Law
Pamela Curulewski Jackson
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Pamela Curulewski Jackson
Solano County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 45 years of experience
(707) 446-2333 409 Boyd St
Vacaville, CA 95688
Landlord Tenant, Bankruptcy and Real Estate
Loyola Law School and University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law
Matthew Faustman
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Matthew Faustman
San Francisco County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney
(415) 390-5941 2042 Larkin St.
San Francisco, CA 94109
Landlord Tenant, Business, Employment and Estate Planning
Kenneth Valinoti
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Kenneth Valinoti
San Francisco County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 39 years of experience
(415) 986-1338 180 Montgomery St
San Francisco, CA 94104
Landlord Tenant and Real Estate
U of San Francisco School of Law
Maxwell Nnamdi Njelita
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video Conferencing
Maxwell Nnamdi Njelita
Contra Costa County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 25 years of experience
(510) 465-7500 1415 Oakland Boulevard
Suite 219
Walnut Creek , CA 94596
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Business, Collections and Real Estate
Debra Fink Bogaards
Social Media
Debra Fink Bogaards
San Francisco County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 41 years of experience
(415) 979-0480 48 Gold St.
Ste 750
San Francisco, CA 94133
Landlord Tenant, Arbitration & Mediation, Employment and Personal Injury
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco
Dirk Deverne Potter
Butte County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 41 years of experience
(530) 342-6144 20 Independence Cir
Chico, CA 95973
Landlord Tenant and Probate
University of California, Davis, School of Law
James Michael Dail
Alameda County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 16 years of experience
(704) 776-8528 5130 Hacienda Dr
3RD FLOOR
Dublin, CA 94568
Landlord Tenant, Business, Construction and Real Estate
Indiana University Maurer School of Law
Jennifer Lynn Castro
Alameda County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 17 years of experience
(206) 409-6051 677 Longridge Rd
Oakland, CA 94610
Landlord Tenant, Administrative, Business and Real Estate
Terry D. Stark
Stanislaus County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 12 years of experience
(209) 847-3724 107 California Ave
Oakdale, CA 95361-2946
Landlord Tenant
Dana R. Wares
Contra Costa County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 12 years of experience
(800) 525-1690 2300 Clayton Road
Suite 1350
Concord, CA 94520
Landlord Tenant and Bankruptcy
Chelsea Ann Whelan
San Francisco County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 12 years of experience
(415) 704-8882 201 Spear Street
Suite 1100
San Francisco, CA 94105
Landlord Tenant and Real Estate
Michael Kwan Ho Chan
Contra Costa County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 10 years of experience
(925) 939-9600 590 Lennon Ln Ste 180
Walnut Creek, CA 94598
Landlord Tenant and Estate Planning
Jason T. Kandah
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial Media
Jason T. Kandah
San Diego County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer
(858) 255-1223 12636 HIGH BLUFF DRIVE
SUITE 400
SAN DIEGO, CA 92130
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Business, Personal Injury and Probate
University of San Diego School of Law
ML LAW, APC Ph: 858-255-1223 Fx: 858-255-1170 Info@mllawapc.com www.mllawapc.com
Scott Wilsdon
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial Media
Scott Wilsdon
Monterey County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 36 years of experience
P.O. Box 5515
Carmel, CA 93921
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Business, Cannabis Law and IP
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco
Scott has represented clients in copyright, trademark, technology and related legal matters throughout the United States and Canada. Scott worked for nearly 30 years in Seattle, and is a founding member of Yarmuth Wilsdon PLLC, where he continues to practice today. Scott’s clients include multinational corporations, incumbent technology companies and startups, and authors, artists and musicians. More about his legal practice can be found at www.yarmuth.com/wilsdon.

Scott and his wife, Michelle, grew up on the Monterey Peninsula and returned in 2017. Since his return, Scott has helped local businesses, entrepreneurs and artists in business and litigation matters. Scott brings to his...
Ching K. Chiao
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Ching K. Chiao
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 17 years of experience
(626) 698-0088 600 S. Lake Avenue
Suite 303
Pasadena, CA 91106
Landlord Tenant, Bankruptcy, Business and Real Estate
Southwestern University School of Law
As one of the firm’s founding attorneys, Ching K. Chiao is a respected and prominent member of the Southern California Real Estate and Business Law community. Mr. Chiao represents various individuals and businesses, including major real estate developers in the Greater Los Angeles Area with portfolios in excess of $500,000,000. His representation includes notable deals with Home Depot, Office Depot, Food-4-Less, Rite Aid, Ross Dress-for-Less, JC Penny’s, McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Starbucks, Seattle’s Best, Foot Locker, Gymboree, AT&T, Sprint, Verizon, MetroPCS, and many more. Mr. Chiao prides himself on delivering exceptional results in a cost-effective manner. Companies who utilize...
Alexander C. Safarian
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&AResponsive Law
Alexander C. Safarian
(818) 740-5335 455 N. Moss Street
Burbank, CA 91502
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLos Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney
Landlord Tenant, Personal Injury and Real Estate
Southwestern University School of Law
Alex Safarian is a partner at Block LLP with extensive civil litigation experience. Mr. Safarian has successfully represented hundreds of clients in civil litigation matters. He is renowned for his expertise in litigating a wide range of claims, including Personal Injury, Unlawful Detainer, Fair Housing, Discrimination, Wrongful and Retaliatory Eviction, and Breach of Lease, and is well respected by defense attorneys, judges, and insurance companies in Los Angeles and neighboring counties for his integrity and compassionate representation of his clients. Mr. Safarian’s clients are confident they will receive the highest level of service and maximum protection possible under the California laws....
Sergio Alejandro Copete
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Sergio Alejandro Copete
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 10 years of experience
(714) 805-7403 8409 Florence Avenue. Suite 202
Downey, CA 90240
Landlord Tenant, Criminal, Personal Injury and Real Estate
California Western School of Law
Sergio Alejandro Copete is the owner of Copete Law Firm, a full service law firm that provides legal services in the areas of: Personal Injury, Criminal Defense, Immigration Law, Landlord / Tenant, Real Estate, Business Litigation and general Civil Litigation. Sergio Alejandro Copete is bilingual, speaks English and Spanish fluently and provides individual attention to every case and every person that contacts the firm. In his years of experience, he has successfully obtained great results for his clients, as shown by the reviews he has received by his clients on his various pages on the web. Sergio Alejandro Copete provides services all...
Jual F Reyes
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
Jual F Reyes
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 19 years of experience
(818) 334-6389 100 N. Brand Blvd., Suite 200
Glendale, CA 91203
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Employment, Personal Injury and Real Estate
UCLA School of Law
Mr. Reyes was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. He graduated from the University of California Los Angeles with a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science and obtained his law degree from the UCLA School of Law. Mr. Reyes specializes in employment law, wage and hour matters, personal injury law, real estate litigation, business litigation, and landlord/tenant matters. He is a member of the California State Bar and Consumer Attorneys Association of Los Angeles. Mr. Reyes has been a licensed Real Estate Broker in the state of California since December of 2008. He is admitted to practice law in...
Mauricio Reznik
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial MediaResponsive Law
Mauricio Reznik
(619) 576-3536 402 West Broadway #1200
San Diego, CA 92101
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfSan Diego County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 14 years of experience
Landlord Tenant, Business and Probate
University of San Francisco School of Law
N. Mauricio Reznik, Esq. is the principal and an attorney at Reznik Law Group. Mr. Reznik has extensive experience in the areas of civil and business litigation, corporate formation and cross border disputes.

Mr. Reznik has successfully represented a wide array of clients from inception of a case through trial. He has extensive experience in motion practice and has resolved numerous matters through motions for summary judgment and other dispositive motions. He has also negotiated complex settlements of litigation and has moved cases to resolution through mediation. With Mr. Reznik’s vast experience as to common corporate issues and pitfalls, he...
Earl Robert Wallace
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Earl Robert Wallace
Orange County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 29 years of experience
(949) 748-3600 16520 Bake Pkwy #280
Irvine, CA 92618
Landlord Tenant and Real Estate
Loyola Law School
EARL R. WALLACE is the managing partner of Wallace, Richardson, Sontag & Le, LLP. Mr. Wallace represents property owners, management companies, developers, financial institutions, and investors in real estate and business litigation including landlord-tenant matters. Mr. Wallace obtained his bachelor’s degree from UCLA in 1989 and his Juris Doctor (J.D.) from Loyola Law School in 1994. Mr. Wallace is admitted to the United States District Court of California (Southern, Central, Eastern and Northern Districts) and to the United States Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Mr. Wallace also holds a California Real Estate Broker License. Mr. Wallace has served as general...
David Piotrowski
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
David Piotrowski
Santa Barbara County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 19 years of experience
(877) 875-6958 1542 Hollister St.
Suite 190
Santa Barbara, CA 93111
Free ConsultationLandlord Tenant, Business, Estate Planning and Real Estate
Southwestern Univ School of Law
Representing Landlords in Eviction Cases. Assisting Interstate Household Goods Moving Companies with Tariffs and Contracts. Practicing member of the State Bar of California and the United States District Court for the Central District of California.
Michael William Malter
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Michael William Malter
Santa Clara County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 44 years of experience
(408) 295-1700 2775 Park Ave
Santa Clara, CA 95050
Landlord Tenant, Bankruptcy, Business and Real Estate
Santa Clara University School of Law
Michael Malter is an accomplished California attorney, advocating for clients in Bankruptcy, Business, Intellectual Property, Landlord Tenant, Real Estate and Tax Law matters. With over 40 years of experience, he has been recognized as a Certified Specialist in Bankruptcy Law by the California State Bar. Michael is committed to providing comprehensive and personalized representation focused on attaining the best possible outcomes.

Michael, a native of Long Island, New York, has been a resident of California since 1977. He currently lives in Saratoga with his two daughters and labradoodles. Outside of work, Michael can be found hiking and traveling. Additionally, he deems...
Daniel Jai Tripathi
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Daniel Jai Tripathi
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 17 years of experience
(877) 422-5297 1008 W Avenue M14
Suite A
Palmdale, CA 93551
Free ConsultationLandlord Tenant, Arbitration & Mediation, Criminal and DUI
Southwestern Law School
Versatile trial attorney offering a solid track record of litigation success and experience in various facets of the law. Motivated and articulate professional who thrives in courtroom settings, excels at client rapport, discovery and deposition. Exceptional skill in drafting, reviewing, and analyzing pleadings, motions, responses to summary judgments, opinions, briefs and other legal documents. Recognized as leading defense attorney in Southern California, particularly skilled at “connecting” with and building rapport with jurors, resulting in positive verdicts in vast majority of nearly 20 jury trials, and hundreds of misdemeanor cases. Reputation as a “no nonsense” attorney and aggressive litigator among the...
Philip Shakhnis
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial Media
Philip Shakhnis
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 25 years of experience
(323) 648-6602 145 S. Fairfax Avenue
Suite 200
Los Angeles, CA 90036
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Civil Rights, Consumer and Environmental
University of Oregon School of Law
Philip Shakhnis is a forceful, meticulous and compassionate attorney with over 20 years of experience representing tenants. Philip has represented hundreds of tenants forced to live in slum conditions. Philip has also helped tenants poisoned by carbon monoxide leaks, exposed to mold and whose children have been lead poisoned. Philip is at the forefront of representing tenants wrongfully evicted from properties protected by local rent control laws. Philip focuses his law practice on representing tenants because he strongly believes that every family and every person deserves the right to a safe, decent and healthy home. As part of his experience...
Michael J Maloney
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael J Maloney
Ventura County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 44 years of experience
(805) 804-5393 5450 Telegraph Road
Suite 100
Ventura, CA 93003
Landlord Tenant, Business, Estate Planning and Real Estate
Stanford University
We are a firm that listens; understands your business and industry; keeps you informed; provides clear, direct and practical legal advice; asks appropriate questions; clearly explains the relevant aspects of your case; checks egos at the door; empathizes and respects your business, professional and personal situation; maintains a laser focus on your unique legal needs; and practices law with a passion.

Michael's practice areas include: business organizations, corporations, land-use regulation, real estate transactions, estate planning, government regulation, family law, and civil litigation. He has major law firm and in-house counsel experience. He is also a real estate broker...
Heinz Binder
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Heinz Binder
Santa Clara County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 45 years of experience
(408) 295-1700 2775 Park Ave
Santa Clara, CA 95050
Landlord Tenant, Bankruptcy, Business and Real Estate
Santa Clara University School of Law
Mr. Binder has over 35 years of experience representing businesses and individuals as debtors or creditors in all types of bankruptcy matters and corporate restructuring. In addition to his considerable bankruptcy experience, Mr. Binder frequently represents businesses and individuals in real estate and business matters, collection and collection defense, and commercial law disputes. Mr. Binder’s practice also includes asset protection planning, creditor negotiations and workouts, debtor-creditor rights, tax disputes, bankruptcy appeals, and representing under-insured defendants in settlement negotiations and mediations.

Mr. Binder is active in the local Silicon Valley community, frequently lecturing on bankruptcy and related topics such as asset protection...
Wendy W. Smith
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Wendy W. Smith
Santa Clara County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 36 years of experience
(408) 295-1700 2775 Park Ave
Santa Clara, CA 95050
Landlord Tenant, Arbitration & Mediation, Bankruptcy and Real Estate
University of Iowa
I am a skilled Silicon Valley Business attorney. I provide counsel for Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Real Estate, Debtor & Creditor Rights, and Commercial Litigation matters.

With 25 years of experience, I bring extensive knowledge and insight to every case. My areas of expertise include arbitration and mediation, as well as litigation. I am dedicated to exceptional representation focused on the practical, cost-effective solutions you need.

Visit my website for more information and representative cases.
Tye Merritt
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
Tye Merritt
San Bernardino County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 19 years of experience
(833) 288-9893 3200 E. Guasti Road, Suite 100
Ontario, CA 91761
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Arbitration & Mediation and Collections
We are an inclusive law office. We assist people, families, LGBTQ+, and seniors with landlord tenant disputes, wage garnishments, judgments, collection lawsuits, tenant legal help, eviction moratorium, neighbor disputes in any county in the State of California.
Gary Scott Saunders
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
Gary Scott Saunders
Orange County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 35 years of experience
(949) 844-8445 4000 Macarthur Blvd., Suite 600
Newport Beach, CA 92660
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Bankruptcy, Foreclosure Defense and Personal Injury
Univ of San Diego School of Law
Saunders & Associates, APC is your California Foreclosure Defense Lawyers. We guide our clients through difficult issues, bringing our insight and judgment to each situation. Our innovative approaches create original solutions to our clients' most complex matters and disputes. Saunders & Associates, APC provides aggressive cost-effective and result-oriented representation to our clients. At Saunders & Associates, APC you get an experienced legal team and support staff who will know your case, the law, best practices, courses of action, and yes, you as a person in need of guidance, direction, and experienced legal representation. The current rise in the cost of living...
Charles Michael Oxton
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Charles Michael Oxton
Santa Barbara County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 51 years of experience
(805) 963-2011 1220 State Street, 2nd Floor
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
Landlord Tenant, Divorce, Family and Probate
University of San Francisco School of Law
Charles "Chip" Oxton is a Santa Barbara attorney representing clients in all aspects of family law and civil litigation. Chip is a highly-skilled and respected legal advisor and litigator with nearly 40 years' experience practicing law in Santa Barbara. He has represented clients in a broad range of legal matters, including divorce and custody cases, personal injury and civil disputes, conservatorships and guardianships, wills and probate administration, real estate law, and landlord-tenant law. Legal disputes are often intense, emotionally-charged experiences for the parties involved. Chip's approach to practicing law involves providing clients with calm, reasoned advice in an environment devoted...
MavEryck Langford Stevenson
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingSocial Media
MavEryck Langford Stevenson
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 7 years of experience
(424) 281-7233 468 N Camden Dr
2nd FL #221
Beverly Hills, CA 90210
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Bankruptcy, Collections and Criminal
Loyola Law School, Los Angeles
Hasti Rahsepar
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&ASocial Media
Hasti Rahsepar
Los Angeles County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 17 years of experience
(818) 453-0453 21280 Burbank Blvd.
Suite 228
Woodland hills, CA 91367
Free ConsultationOffers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Personal Injury and Real Estate
Whittier Law School
Hasti Rahsepar is an experienced attorney dedicated to helping clients in matters such as property management consulting, landlord-tenant disputes, premises liability, civil litigation, and more. With over 15 years of specialty in commercial and residential landlord-tenant law and one of the highest success rates in eviction jury trials, we provide you the tools, advice, and the service you deserve to protect your property rights. As a property owner, California may not always be on your side, but we are. At HDR, we understand the difficulty and challenges surrounding your rights as a property owner, investor, or developer. We are dedicated...
Maurice Mandel II
Claimed Lawyer ProfileOffers Video ConferencingQ&AResponsive Law
Maurice Mandel II
Orange County, CA Landlord Tenant Lawyer with 43 years of experience
(949) 874-2002 PO Box 411
Newport Beach, CA 92662
Offers Video ConferencingVideo ConfLandlord Tenant, Arbitration & Mediation, Consumer and Employment
Western State University College of Law
Greetings and Welcome!
My practice has focused on EMPLOYMENT LAW cases in Federal and California Courts for 40+ years. I am a trial attorney, and have handled employment and housing cases involving race, age, gender, and physical disability harassment and discrimination and cases involving sexual harassment and discrimination.
I also handle WAGE AND HOUR matters involving the wrongful theft of wages, including class actions. I have represented both the employee and employer although I predominately represent the employee....
Anthony James Dispoto
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Anthony James Dispoto
Orange County, CA Landlord Tenant Attorney with 8 years of experience
(714) 337-6389 2424 SE Bristol St., Suite 300
Newport Beach, CA 92660
Free ConsultationLandlord Tenant, Business, Collections and Real Estate
University of San Diego School of Law
Experienced attorney with a demonstrated knowledge of commercial real estate, business and corporate law. Skilled in contract drafting and review, legal research and negotiations. Strong customer service focus and desire to help all individuals.

Education:

-Bachelor's of Arts in Business Management with emphasis in Legal Studies from California State University, Fullerton

-Juris Doctorat with emphasis in Corporate and Business Law from University of San Diego, School of Law

El Dorado County Landlord Tenant Legal Aid & Pro Bono Services

Self-Help Legal Center
(209) 754-1443
San Andreas, CA

Show More
Toggle tool

There are no recently viewed profiles.

There are no saved profiles.

There are no profiles to compare.