CALCRIM No. 2703. Violation of Court Order: Protective Order or Stay Away - Act of Violence (Pen. Code, §§ 166(c)(4), 273.6(d))
Judicial Council of California Criminal Jury Instructions (2023 edition)
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2703.Violation of Court Order: Protective Order or Stay
Away - Act of Violence (Pen. Code, §§ 166(c)(4), 273.6(d))
If you find the defendant guilty of violating a court order, you must then
decide whether the People have proved that the defendant’s conduct
involved an act of violence [or a credible threat of violence].
[A person makes a credible threat of violence when he or she willfully
and maliciously communicates a threat to a victim of or a witness to the
conduct that violated a court order. The threat must be to use force or
violence against that person or that person’s family. The threat must be
made with the intent and the apparent ability to carry out the threat in
a way to cause the target of the threat to reasonably fear for his or her
safety or the safety of his or her immediate family.]
[Someone commits an act willfully when he or she does it willingly or on
purpose.]
[Someone acts maliciously when he or she intentionally does a wrongful
act or when he or she acts with the unlawful intent to disturb, defraud,
annoy, or injure someone else.]
The People have the burden of proving this allegation beyond a
reasonable doubt. If the People have not met this burden, you must find
that this allegation has not been proved.
New January 2006
BENCH NOTES
Instructional Duty
If the defendant is charged with a felony for violating a court order based on a prior
conviction and an act of violence or credible threat of violence, the court has a sua
sponte duty to instruct on this sentencing factor.
This instruction must be given with CALCRIM No. 2701, Violation of Court Order:
Protective Order or Stay Away.
The court must provide the jury with a verdict form on which the jury will indicate
if the prosecution has or has not been proved the allegation.
The court must also give CALCRIM No. 3100, Prior Conviction: Nonbifurcated
Trial, unless the defendant has stipulated to the conviction. If the court has granted
a bifurcated trial on the prior conviction, use CALCRIM No. 3101, Prior
Conviction: Bifurcated Trial.
AUTHORITY
• Elements. Pen. Code, §§ 166(c)(4), 273.6(d).
602
SECONDARY SOURCES
2 Witkin & Epstein, California Criminal Law (4th ed. 2012) Crimes Against
Governmental Authority, § 31.
1 Millman, Sevilla & Tarlow, California Criminal Defense Practice, Ch. 11, Arrest,
§ 11.02[1] (Matthew Bender).
6 Millman, Sevilla & Tarlow, California Criminal Defense Practice, Ch. 142, Crimes
Against the Person, § 142.13[4] (Matthew Bender).
2704-2719. Reserved for Future Use
CRIMES AGAINST GOVERNMENT CALCRIM No. 2703
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© Judicial Council of California.
